Capital spending intentions poised to grow in ‘21
After falling back significantly in 2020, expenditures on non-residential construction and machinery and equipment are expected to rebound in 2021.
Statistics Canada’s annual survey of non-residential capital and repair expenditures forecasts that spending will increase by 7 percent to $266.2 billion in 2021. This follows a drop of more than 9 percent in 2020 that was largely attributable to the economic shock from the COVID-19 pandemic.
While capital spending on non-residential structures is expected to reach $175.2 billion, up 7.5 percent from 2020 and surpassing the level achieved in 2019, the $91 billion anticipated for machinery and equipment (+6.2 percent) falls short of fully offsetting the 13.4 percent decline reported in 2020.
The survey polled 25,000 private and public organizations, and was conducted from September 2020 to January 2021.
Capital spending by public sector organizations is anticipated to increase by 9.3 percent, after growing by 5.7 percent in 2020. Investments in privately held non-residential tangible assets, meanwhile, are expected to increase by 5.6 percent in 2021—well short of the 16.7 percent decline seen in 2020.
The transportation and warehousing sector is expected to lead the way for investment in 2020 and 2021. Its capital spending is set to reach a record of $47.9 billion in 2021 (+7.2 percent), following a similar gain in 2020 (+4.9 percent) and a significant increase in 2019 (+19.5 percent). Spending on structures in that sector have more than doubled since 2016.
The transit and ground passenger transportation subsector should see its total investment in 2021 increase by 10.4 percent (+$1.2 billion to $12.3 billion) because of several large-scale public transit projects taking place in Quebec and Ontario.
The governments of Canada and Quebec, for example, each plan to invest $1.28 billion in the projected $6.3 billion cost to complete the Réseau express métropolitain in Montréal. Large investments are also expected to take place in Ontario, with the City of Ottawa having held its groundbreaking ceremony for the $4.7 billion Stage 2 of its light rail transit project in September 2020. Similar public transit projects are also ongoing in Toronto, with news of progress on the construction of the Metrolinx Eglinton Crosstown light rail transit project.
Capital spending in the mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction sector is set to increase to $32.9 billion (+5.2 percent) in 2021, following a substantial decrease of $14.7 billion (-31.9 percent) in 2020.
The oil and gas extraction subsector was greatly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The global demand for crude oil was down 6.1 percent, and, in Canada, consumption of motor gasoline decreased 13.7 percent year over year, largely because many Canadians worked from home, and numerous travel restrictions and stay-at-home orders were implemented.
The subsector saw its total capital outlays decline by $12.2 billion in 2020, affecting both conventional oil and gas extraction (-$9.2 billion to $14.3 billion) and non-conventional oil extraction (-$3.0 billion to $7.4 billion).
Significant reductions in capital spending occurred in 2020 (-29.9 percent) and are expected to continue in 2021 (-26.6 percent) in the accommodation and food services sector, as it was directly affected by government public health restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
However, there seems to be some optimism within the arts, entertainment and recreation sector as it anticipates an increase in capital spending of 8.6 percent in 2021, following a decrease of 13.3 percent in 2020.
Manufacturing firms reported an 11.3 percent increase in capital spending intentions for 2021 to $20.2 billion, mostly because of 14.5 percent growth in spending on capital machinery and equipment. Following a 10.6 percent increase in 2019, manufacturers reported a decrease of 22.5 percent in 2020, with chemical manufacturing in Ontario (-$903 million) and Alberta (-$767 million) being most impacted, largely because of projects reaching completion.
Public sector organizations increasing investments during the pandemic
Investment from the public sector continued amid the pandemic, with an increase of $9.1 billion (+9.3 percent) expected in 2021, on top of a $5.3 billion (+5.7 percent) increase in 2020. This contrasts with investment by private sector organizations, whose spending decreased by $30.4 billion (-16.7 percent) in 2020; a modest recovery is expected in 2021, up $8.4 billion (+5.6 percent).
Spending increases for 2021 are expected in all government sectors, with notable increases in provincial and territorial public administration (+$1.4 billion); local, municipal and regional public administration (+$1.2 billion); and educational services (+$1.1 billion).
Regional summary
While increased investment in non-residential construction and machinery and equipment is expected in 10 of the 13 provinces and territories in 2021, few anticipate levels to reach those recorded in 2019 because of decreases in 2020. However, not all provinces and territories saw declines in capital spending in 2020—Prince Edward Island (+9.4 percent), the Northwest Territories (+9.1 percent), British Columbia (+2.4 percent) and Nova Scotia (+2.0 percent) all recorded growth in 2020.
All but three provinces and territories should see their spending intentions increase in 2021, with the largest gains taking place in Ontario (+$7.0 billion), Quebec (+$4.7 billion) and Alberta (+$2.5 billion). This is the reverse of what took place in 2020, when preliminary estimates showed decreased investment levels for nine provinces and territories, with notable changes taking place in Alberta (-$9.7 billion), Ontario ($-6.9 billion) and Saskatchewan (-$2.4 billion).